Prolactin stimulates breast development and milk production and influences reproductive hormone balance.
Prolactin Test
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About Our Prolactin Test
The Prolactin Test measures the level of prolactin in your blood to evaluate pituitary function and reproductive hormone balance. Prolactin is a hormone produced by the anterior pituitary gland and is best known for stimulating breast development and milk production during and after pregnancy.
While prolactin plays a normal and essential role in pregnancy and lactation, elevated levels outside of pregnancy can signal an underlying hormonal imbalance. In both women and men, excess prolactin, known as hyperprolactinemia, can disrupt normal reproductive hormone signaling. This may lead to irregular menstrual cycles, infertility, sexual dysfunction, or reduced testosterone levels.
Prolactin levels are tightly regulated by dopamine, a chemical messenger produced by the brain that suppresses prolactin release. When dopamine signaling is disrupted, prolactin levels may rise. One common cause of elevated prolactin is a benign pituitary tumor called a prolactinoma, though medications and other medical conditions can also contribute.
By measuring prolactin levels, this test helps determine whether symptoms are linked to pituitary dysfunction, medication effects, or broader endocrine conditions. It is a key diagnostic tool when evaluating unexplained reproductive or hormonal symptoms.
What Is Included In This Test?
This test includes:
- Measurement of serum prolactin levels
- Clear numerical results for clinical interpretation
This test measures prolactin only and does not include LH, FSH, TSH, or other pituitary hormones.
Why Does This Test Matter?
Prolactin directly influences reproductive hormone regulation. Elevated prolactin can suppress gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH, which in turn lowers LH and FSH levels. This may reduce estrogen and progesterone production in women and testosterone production in men.
In women, high prolactin levels may cause irregular or absent menstrual cycles, infertility, and unexpected milk production outside of pregnancy. In men, elevated prolactin may contribute to decreased libido, erectile dysfunction, infertility, or low testosterone symptoms.
Prolactin testing is also important when evaluating suspected pituitary tumors, unexplained headaches, or visual disturbances. It can help identify conditions such as prolactinomas, hypothyroidism related hyperprolactinemia, or medication induced hormone imbalances.
Early identification of abnormal prolactin levels supports timely treatment, protects reproductive health, and helps prevent long term hormonal complications.
Who Should Consider This Test?
You may consider this test if you:
- Have irregular or absent menstrual periods
- Are experiencing infertility
- Have unexplained milk production
- Have symptoms of low testosterone
- Experience decreased libido or sexual dysfunction
- Have persistent headaches or vision changes
- Are being evaluated for pituitary disorders
- Take medications known to affect prolactin levels
- Have hypothyroidism
- Want to assess overall pituitary hormone function
Convenient, No-Appointment Testing
To complete your test:
- Order online through our website
- Use the lab locator to find a nearby testing location
- Walk in; no appointment required
- Access your results securely in your HealthLabs.com account within one to three business days
110% Price Guarantee!
If you find the same test for a lower price from a comparable provider, contact us. We not only match the price, we beat it by an additional 10 percent of the difference.
Common Questions:
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What does prolactin do?
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What is hyperprolactinemia?
It is a condition where prolactin levels are abnormally elevated.
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Will anyone see my results besides me?
Your results are stored in your secure online account. They are not shared with anyone else. If you choose, you can print or download them to share with your own doctor.
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Do I need to fast before this test?
Fasting is not required for this panel. You can eat and drink normally unless your doctor has given you other instructions.
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Can I talk to someone about my results?
Yes. If your results come back abnormal or if you simply have questions, our team is here to support you. You can text our Patient Services team at 1800-579-3914.
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Can I use insurance to pay for this test?
In order to ensure your privacy, we do not bill insurance directly, but you may use HSA or FSA funds. This keeps your results and testing completely private from insurers. We can also provide you with an itemized receipt for insurance reimbursement purposes if you need it.
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What type of sample is required for this test?
This test requires a simple blood draw. No urine samples, swabs, or physical exams are involved.